Iodine is an essential mineral that plays a crucial function in maintaining the health of our metabolic balance. The thyroid gland is a small, pyramid-shaped regulatory gland located in the neck, responsible for producing hormones that control growth, and body temperature.

Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4). It is the primary mineral required for the production of these hormones, without which the thyroid gland гипертиреоз cannot function properly. During the process of thyroid hormone synthesis, iodine is combined with the amino acid tyrosine to form the inactive hormone T4, which is then converted into the active form T3 in the body.

A insufficiency in iodine can disturb thyroid function, leading to a range of complications. Iodine deficiency is a common cause of hypothyroidism, a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland that fails to produce enough thyroid hormones. This can result in repercussions such as weight gain, and hair loss.

In critical cases of iodine deficiency, the thyroid gland may become hyperactive, leading to a condition known as metabolic disorder. This can cause symptoms such as increased heart rate, and other associated consequences.

In addition to its role in thyroid health, iodine is also essential for the production of breast milk in lactating women. Iodine deficiency has been associated to an increased risk of brain damage, a condition characterized by incomplete brain development, which can result from severe iodine deficiency during birth.

The recommended daily intake of iodine varies depending on age and sex. Generally, adults require about 150 micrograms of iodine per day. Fertile females require an extra 400-500 molecules to meet the needs of their developing fetus. Breastfeeding women also require an additional 200-300 molecules to support milk production.

Including hormone-balancing foods in the diet is an effective way to ensure adequate iodine intake. These include fish products, cow's milk, seafood, and hypo-sodic salt. Many countries add iodine to salt to prevent iodine deficiency, as it is a common problem in underdeveloped communities.

In summary, iodine plays a vital role in maintaining the health of our thyroid gland and preventing a range of symptoms. A deficiency in iodine can lead to thyroid disease, and other complications, making it vital to include iodine-rich foods in the diet and ensure adequate daily intake.